Dr. Lee has previously served as Vice Chairman of the Financial Supervisory Commission of the Executive Yuan（Cabinet), Chairman of Bank of Taiwan, Chairman of Taiwan Financial Holdings, Vice Chairman of Shin Kong Life Insurance Co., Vice Chairman of MasterLink Securities Co., Legislator of the Republic of China, Chairman of Chunghwa Post Co., Chairman of the National Youth Commission of the Executive Yuan, tenured professor at the National Chengchi University, Visiting Scholar at Harvard University and Stanford University, and Visiting Professor at Peking University and Tsinghua University.
She has also served as Chairman of the Taiwan Bankers Association, Vice Chairman of the Taiwan Life Insurance Association, a Board Director of the Taiwan Stock Exchange, a Board Director of the Taiwan Futures Exchange, Chairman of the Global & Taiwan Monte Jade Science & Technology Association ( the most influential high-tech Association in Taiwan), Chairman of Fulbright Taiwan Alumni association, and Vice President of the Harvard University Taiwan Alumni Association.
Dr. Lee has received numerous honors and recognitions, including the First Merit Medal from the Executive Yuan, the Distinguished Research Professor Award from National Chengchi University, the Eisenhower Fellowship (the first female recipient in Taiwan), the Fulbright scholarship, the Ten Outstanding Young Persons Award of the World ( at Cannes in France), and the Li Kuo-Ting Administration Award. She has also been named by prominent magazines in Taiwan as the Best Legislator in finance and economics.
Her management achievements as Chairman of Bank of Taiwan were documented in a case study by Harvard Business School. She also served as a Panel Judge for the International Fulbright Peace Prize and presented in person the award to German Chancellor Merkel.
李博士曾任行政院金融监督管理委员会副主任委员、台湾银行董事长、台湾金融控股公司董事长、新光人寿股份公司副董事长、元富证券股份公司副董事长、立法委员、中华邮政公司董事长、行政院青年辅导员会主任委员、国立政治大学经济系专任教授、美国哈佛大学及史丹福大学担任访问学者，以及北京大学、清华大学客座教授。
她亦曾任中华民国银行公会理事长、中华民国寿险公会副理事长、台湾证券交易所董事、台湾期货交易所董事、全球暨台湾玉山科技协会理事长、傅尔布莱特台湾学友会理事长、哈佛大学台湾校友会副会长。
李博士曾获多项荣誉与肯定，例如行政院一等功绩奖章、国立政治大学杰出研究教授奖、美国艾森豪威尔奖（台湾第一位获奖女性）、美国傅尔布莱特奖、世界十大杰出青年奖、台湾十大杰出青年奖、李国鼎奖章，并曾被知名媒体评鉴为财经立法委员第一名。
此外，其担任台湾银行董事长之经营成果，被写入哈佛大学商学院教学个案，并曾受邀担任国际傅尔布莱特和平奖评审委员且亲自颁奖给得奖人德国总理梅克尔。